Multiplication Rule for Independent Events

It is important to know how to calculate the probability of an event.  Certain types of events in probability are called independent.  When we have a pair of independent events, sometimes we may ask, What is the probability that both of these events occur?  In this situation, we can simply multiply our two  probabilities together. We will see how to utilize the multiplication rule for independent events.  After we have gone over the basics, we will see the details of a couple of calculations. Definition of Independent Events We begin with a definition of independent events.  In probability, two events are independent if the outcome of one event does not influence the outcome of the second event. A good example of a pair of independent events is when we roll a die and then flip a coin.  The number showing on the die has no effect on the coin that was tossed.  Therefore these two events are independent. An example of a pair of events that are not independent would be the gender of each baby in a set of twins.  If the twins are identical, then both of them will be male, or both of them would be female. Statement of the Multiplication Rule The multiplication rule for independent events relates the probabilities of two events to the probability that they both occur.  In order to use the rule, we need to have the probabilities of each of the independent events.  Given these events, the multiplication rule states the probability that both events occur is found by multiplying the probabilities of each event. Formula for the Multiplication Rule The multiplication rule is much easier to state and to work with when we use mathematical notation. Denote events A and B and the probabilities of each by P(A) and P(B). If A and B  are independent events, then: P(A and B) P(A) x P(B) Some versions of this formula use even more symbols.  Instead of the word and we can instead use the intersection symbol:  Ã¢Ë† ©. Sometimes this formula is used as the definition of independent events.  Events are independent if and only if P(A and B) P(A) x P(B). Example #1 of the Use of the Multiplication Rule We will see how to use the multiplication rule by looking at a few examples.  First suppose that we roll a six sided die and then flip a coin.  These two events are independent. The probability of rolling a 1 is 1/6. The probability of a head is 1/2. The probability of rolling a 1 and getting a head is 1/6 x 1/2 1/12. If we were inclined to be skeptical about this result, this example is small enough that all of the outcomes could be listed: {(1, H), (2, H), (3, H), (4, H), (5, H), (6, H), (1, T), (2, T), (3, T), (4, T), (5, T), (6, T)}.  We see that there are twelve outcomes, all of which are equally likely to occur.  Therefore the probability of 1 and a head is 1/12.  The multiplication rule was much more efficient because it did not require us to list our the entire sample space. Example #2 of the Use of the Multiplication Rule For the second example, suppose that we draw a card from a standard deck, replace this card, shuffle the deck and then draw again.  We then ask what is the probability that both cards are kings. Since we have drawn with replacement, these events are independent and the multiplication rule applies.   The probability of drawing a king for the first card is 1/13.  The probability for drawing a king on the second draw is 1/13.  The reason for this is that we are replacing the king that we drew from the first time.  Since these events are independent, we use the multiplication rule to see that the probability of drawing two kings is given by the following product 1/13 x 1/13 1/169. If we did not replace the king, then we would have a different situation in which the events would not be independent.  The probability of drawing a king on the second card would be influenced by the result of the first card.

Equality, Freedom, And Religion Essay - 2571 Words

In the book ‘Equality, Freedom, Religion,’ Roger Trigg discusses concepts surrounding freedom of religion, freedom of beliefs and equality. In particular, he discusses the idea of religious freedom and how courts and the law should observe the religious beliefs and practices of a person. This essay will provide a critical analysis and review of several major points in the text, firstly, the idea of religious freedom as a human right will be critically discussed as it is a concept that is important for the whole book. Secondly, religious freedom and equality will be discussed with reference to religious beliefs and non-religious beliefs. Thirdly, innate religious belief will be discussed as a potential factor for the argument that religion may deserve more protection over general beliefs. Next, the sincerity of religious beliefs will be analyzed with reference to court rulings. Additionally, equality between beliefs will be critically discussed in particular regarding la ws and cases in America. Finally, an overall personal opinion of the text will be provided and discussed by the author of this essay. Firstly, Trigg presents the concept of religious freedom as a human right in the introduction of the text, this concept is integral for the rest of the subjects discussed by Trigg in the book, for the reason that, the rest of the book recognizes the freedom of religion as a human right. The idea that religious freedom is a human right is particularly important when TriggShow MoreRelatedPresident Obama Addressed The Nation s Problem Of Inequality1398 Words   |  6 PagesIn his 2013 Inaugural Address, President Barack Obama addressed the nation’s problem of inequality people are faced with each and everyday day and how these inequalities affect the concept of freedom. 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George Washington states in his Rules of Civility, â€Å"When you speak of God or his attributes, let it be seriously, in reverence andRead MoreThe Role Of Values And The National Identity916 Words   |  4 Pages The Role of Values in the National Identity Do you imagine we can identify the Americans’ national identity, via their religion, ethnicity, language, or civil war? There are a lot of countries around the world their religion, ethnicity, or language symbolized to their identity. Such as, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, or Islamic Republic of Iran. However, the Americans are considered as a unique society, because the cultural pluralism which has been influencing their lives in the various aspectsRead MoreDifferent Opinions Can Colide Essay737 Words   |  3 Pagescitizens and slaves of the United States expected ideal changes that would affect their way of living. Most of the beliefs people had consisted of liberty, equality and religion. During 1825 to 1850, the expected democratic ideals from the reform movements consisted of liberty for slaves and women, equality in education and punishment, and freedom in their religios beliefs. During 1825 to 1850, the expected democratic ideals from the reform movements consisted of liberty for slaves and women. WhileRead MoreSpeech On Freedom Of Speech950 Words   |  4 Pagesput limits on freedom even when they were trying to create more freedom. The type of limits that the early Americans put on freedom were limits on freedom of speech, and much more. Even with the American Revolution, it was not for everybody. The American Revolution was only for the colonist and men, but over time the idea of liberty and equality became for everyone. Women, Slaves, and minorities did not get equality from the American Revolution. Women, and slaves wanted equality, they wantedRead MoreThe Passionate Subject of Religious Liberty Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesbeliefs. 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International Classification of Accounting Systems Free Essays

string(40) " on the American stock exchange places\." Classification of Accounting Systems Critically evaluate to what extent past research into classification of accounting systems has become irrelevant because of international harmonization efforts. Let us remind that IASC was replaced in 2001 by IASB (International Accounting Standards Board). We are going to start this paper with the different classification researches, taking for example Hofstede and Gray’s studies. We will write a custom essay sample on International Classification of Accounting Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then we will draw the main differences between GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) and IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). We will also speak about the Americanocentrism problem. To finally dealing with the differences and harmonization. *Two Main Example*s* of Past Studies*: *Hofstede’s* societal dimensions and Gray’s accounting values Different Classification Researches The first one is the deductive or judgmental method. Environmental factors are identified and they are linked to national accounting practices. Then, international groupings and development patterns are proposed. The second one is the inductive or empirical approach where individual practices are analyzed; the grouping or development patterns are identified, and where the explanations are based on economic, social, political and cultural factors proposed. In the deductive approach, Mueller developed four approaches to accounting development. Macroeconomic pattern: where business accounting is tied to national economic policies (Sweden, France, Germany) Microeconomic pattern: where accounting is a branch of business economics (Holand) Independent discipline pattern: where accounting is a service function derived from business practices (US, UK) and where accounting is considered to be capable of developing its own conceptual framework from business practice. Uniform Accounting pattern: where accounting is an efficient mean of control and administration. It takes into account that culture and historical roots are very important. Hofstede define four societal dimensions: individualism versus collectivism, large versus small power distance, uncertainty avoidance: degree to which a firm is ok with ambiguity, masculinity: preference for achievement, assertiveness, material success. Now let us focus on Gray who has developed the following pairs of contrasting accounting values: Professionalism VS Statutory Control: there is a preference for individual judgment, self regulation. Uniformity VS flexibility: there is a preference for enforcement of uniform practices. Conservatism VS Optimism: there is a preference for cautious approach. Secrecy VS Transparency: there is a preference for confidentiality. There are a lot of international pressures like the growing international interdependencies and the harmonization of the regulatory framework. But also the new opportunities, joint ventures and alliances. *GAAP/*IFRS Let us start by an analysis of the GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). Financial accounting relies on certain standards of the GAAP. Principles of GAAP derive from tradition. There are seven main principles: regularity or consistency, sincerity, permanence of methods, non compensation, prudence, continuity, and periodicity. In any report of financial statements (audit, compilation, or review), the auditor must indicate to the reader whether or not the information contained within the statements complies with GAAP. The convergence of accounting standards, that the majority of the industrialized countries support is advantageous for the companies in the Stock Exchange: they should not have to produce several financial statements and thus save important sums of money. The financial risk is reduced. The investors, for their part, can better compare and examine the financial data of companies wherever they are established. Their decision making is thus improved. This international harmonization is a process making it possible to arrive to a basic bringing together various accounting standards One big advantage can be seen when we face a merger or an acquisition. Decisions are much easier to take. However, the experience of convergence IASB/FASB shows that many years are necessary to ensure the convergence of two reference frames however based on the same Anglo-Saxon culture of the businesses. This is due primarily to an existence of an opposition between an approach by the rules in the case of FASB and an approach by the principles which follows IASB. IASB is at the center of the convergence movement. The IFRS are described like founded on principles, which means that they leave a big freedom of action to the companies about the evaluation of the accounting data. The US GAAP are described like founded on rules and they aim to regulate all the possible aspects of the presentation of the accounts. These standards thus require very detailed information on behalf of the companies. In the case of convergence between IASB and FASB, the harmonization of the IFRS and US GAAP is currently working and common solutions have already been found. That do not prevent from the divergence of several points of view, among the principal aspects to be solved one we think about the financial instruments and the presentation of the performances. Some of the differences between US GAAP and IFRS are embodied in the standards themselves. They are intentional deviations from US requirements. Americanocentrism Some countries adopted some international standards coming to replace their national standards or to supplement them. Some stock exchange places, first of all the London one, admitted companies of which accountancy is in conformity with standards IAS and more than 200 great groups (majority domiciled in Canada, in France and Switzerland) produced a second set of accounts established according to these standards. SEC even conceded at certain foreign companies the right to observe certain rules IAS as the standard relating to the table of financing (IAS 7), to currencies (IAS 21), companies (IAS 22) and inflation effects (IAS 29). Within the European Union, some harmonization efforts about accounting methods were undertaken. Those however knew the same fate than others and must still produce tangible effects. Moreover, European countries have adopted the principle of mutual recognition of the standards. In spite of the creation of an ad hoc work group in 1990, the accounting harmonization is not a priority anymore, no proposal nor declaration has been made since. It is use consider American standards as the reference. That does not imply their superiority that just reflects economic and political reality. Unless standards IAS are not accepted by the SEC, the companies which follow them do not meet the conditions to be allowed on the American stock exchange places. You read "International Classification of Accounting Systems" in category "Papers" To be allowed, a German group like Daimler-Benz must satisfy the regulations and specifications of the Stock Exchange where its shares will be exchanged and to match the regulations imposed by the SEC, slightly amended for the foreign transmitters. SEC requires in particular that foreign companies present either their accounts in conformity with the US GAAP or a table showing together the US GAAP rules and the accounts drawn according to the accounts chart of their own country (Germany in the case of Daimler-Benz). Few companies choose the first method; nevertheless, even the second method is expensive. If the American Stock Exchange remains one of the more world significant markets, standards IAS non in conformity with the American rules will become obsolete. But if the SEC persists in its exclusive attitude, the domination of the American Stock Exchanges could be compromised. Can we solve the problem? Is harmonization the answer? Then harmonization in accounting standards shall serve many of the following benefits: Decrease in the costs of data collection Increase in the comparison of the information, Development in the capital markets, Facilitation in the fund movements Provision of competition advantage in favor of the firms Decrease in the audit costs and increase in the efficiency of the audit For multinationals, the advantages of harmonization are much more important. The impacts are cultural and social, on the employment and consumption pattern for example which are significantly influenced. The SEC made understand that any international reference moving away from philosophy and specificity of the American standards would not be acceptable. It profits from the support of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), insofar as generalized acceptance of standards IAS could compromise the credibility of standards FASB. *Why do the differences persist? And w*hat is *mainly *stopping* the harmonization*? Let us take another example. In Japan, Keiretsu is a group of companies undertaken with cross participations which maintain very close relations of customer-suppliers type. Similar systems exist in Korea. The relations between these companies are not comparable with those which bind a holding and its subsidiary companies; this system is running in United Kingdom and the United States. Moreover, no economic argument could be brought to justify the regulation of the accounting standards. Why the practices differ o clearly from one country to another? We can for sure think about culture, tradition and history. Then, external environment, legal systems (Common law Codified Roman law), taxation, the level of inflation, accidents and external influences (such as the framing of law in response to economic or politic events for example) are the main causes of international differences. Also, liabilities, consolidation, segment reporting and foreign currency translation can be big issues in international accounting. However, the economists privilege the explanations relating to factors such as the legal system and the legislation on the property rights, even if, in the final analysis, these factors themselves form part of each culture intrinsically. Conclusion While convergence and harmonization are admirable goals with a lot of benefits, that may not easily or quickly achieved. The success will not depend only on the ability of the FASB and IASB to work together, but also on the willingness of national regulators to cooperate and to avoid issuing local interpretation of IFRS. In April 2005, SEC published the road map. This is an article by then Chief Accountant discussed the possible elimination of the US GAAP reconciliation for foreign private issuers that use IFRS. This Road map laid out a series of milestones which if achieved would result in the elimination of the US GAAP reconciliation by 2009, so quite soon. It is often noted that the process of IASC standards are influenced by Anglo-American approach, which partly explains the reserve of certain countries to adopt the international accounting standards. The difference between Anglo-American philosophies and European ones can be explained by the importance attached to two essential characteristics of accountancy: reliability and relevance. To conclude, despite the existence of many convergence points, this research show several major differences between two countries supposed to follow relatively similar rules. This thus tends to catch our attention on the difficulty of international harmonization. This study seems to illustrate perfectly (unfortunately? difficulties of the international accounting harmonization. It could be interesting to carry out a reflection on other ways of making accountancies comparable in order to avoid a fundamental opposition. However, new laws gave (or will give) to companies of several countries, including France and Germany; the possibility of presenting their group accounts according to the international standards, in particular those of the IASC and USGAAP, rather than the national rules. Almost all th e companies having a world activity do it already, or will probably do it soon. BIBLIOGRAPHY †Evolution of research on international accounting harmonization : a historical and insitutional perspective â€Å", Socio-Economic Review, October 2007 Bosco T. , Corporate Accounting Information Systems Cook D. Connor L. , UK/US GAAP Comparison Wolk H. , Dodd J. , Accounting Theory, 7th edition Elliott B. and Elliott Jamie, Financial Accounting and Reporting, 8th edition Ernst Whinney, L’Impact de la septieme directive: la consolidation des comptes en Europe, ETP, 1985 Heem G. t Aonzo P. (2003),  « La normalisation comptable internationale: ses acteurs, sa legitimite,ses enjeux  », Revue d’Economie Financiere IASC, International Accounting Standards Explained, Wiley, 2000 Ortiz E. (2005),  « GAAP choice by European companies  », European Business Review POWER Michael, La Societe de l’audit, La Decouverte, 2005 Price Waterhouse Coopers ; â€Å"IFRS 2005 divergences France /IFRS† ; Editions Francis Lefebvre Street D. L. and Gra y S. J. et Brayant S. M. 1999),  « Acceptance and observance of International Accounting Standards  », The International Journal of Accounting â€Å"Trends in research on international accounting harmonization â€Å", The International Journal of Accounting, September 2007 Weetman P. E. , Jones A. E. , Adams C. A. and Gray S. J,  « Profit measurement and UK accounting standards: a case of increasing disharmony in relation to US GAAP and IAS’s â€Å". Websites: www. wikipedia. fr www. lesechos. fr www. focusifrs. com www. fasb. gov www. investopedia. com www. ey. com www. authorstream. com How to cite International Classification of Accounting Systems, Papers

Present Case That While Violet Is A Partner -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Present Case That While Violet Is A Partner? Answer: Introducation Issue: An analysis of the facts that are present in this question reveals the issue if the law allows Friendly Bank to the loan from Violet and Sonny. That was given to Busy Bee Florist Shop. For this purpose, it needs to be seen if both of them can be treated as the partners of Busy Bee Florist Shop. Rule: The legal provisions that Ireland in the present case include section 1 of the Partnership Act. It has been provided by the Partnership Act that there are three elements that should be present in order to describe the relationship between the parties as a partnership. Hence if the parties are carrying on a business; in common; and for making a profit, the relationship between the parties can be mentioned as a partnership. On the other hand, even if one of these elements is not present, the relationship will not be considered by the law as it was mentioned. For deciding the question if the parties are 'carrying on a business' , it is required to be considered if there is some repetitiveness of action or even if a single action can also be sufficient in this regard. In a number of decisions that have been given by the courts on this issue, it has been stated by the courts that it is necessary that there should be some repetitiveness of action or continuity of action. An example i n this regard can be given of Smith v Anderson, 1880. In this case, a group of depositors had made a decision to purchase the shares of different submarine cable companies. For this purpose, they have formed the trust. The trustees sold his shares these investors and provided them with certificates. Under the circumstances, the court was required to determine if this trust, amounts to a partnership or not. For deciding this issue, the court decided to look at the nature of the business and also the relationship that was present among the parties who were involved in the trust. In particular, the court noted the fact that the trustees have not been provided with the authority to speculate. In the same way, the trustees did not have mutual rights and obligations. In view of all these facts, and keeping in mind the nature of the trust, a conclusion was made by the court that the present case the trust cannot be described as a partnership. The reason behind this decision of the court wa s that there was no association present between the parties that can be described as 'carrying on business'. The Partnership Act also provides the rules that can be used in order to decide if the relationship of the parties can be mentioned as a partnership. However, it is worth mentioning at this point that the decision if a particular relationship can be described as a partner cannot be made only by applying these rules. As a result, these rules alone cannot provide the basis for making the decision regarding a relationship to be termed as a partnership. Hence, the law requires that the court should consider all the circumstances that are present regarding the agreement concluded between the parties. As a result, the court has to find out the real substance of such an agreement (Canny Gabriel Castle Advertising Pty Ltd Anor v Volume Sales (Finance) Pty Ltd., 1974). In the same way, the express, as well as the implied the intention of the parties is also important in this regard. For example, the court has stated in Wiltshire v Kuenzli, 1945 that it was the intention of the parties to do everything which makes them partners and as a result, the intention of going to which the parties should not be treated as partners, was invalid. In the same way, in Stekel v Ellice (1973), the defendant was an employee in an accounting firm belonging to the plaintiff. It was mentioned in the first agreement created between the parties in 1969, that the plaintiff was going to become a salaried partner and he will be given a salary. It was also mentioned that another agreement will be created by the parties. According to the segment, the plaintiff was going to become a full partner. It was also mentioned between the parties that the term of employment was in 1969. Similarly, only the defendant was going to be liable for the losses of the business. The latest agreement was never created by the parties, and they continued to operate in the same way till August, 1970 when the relationship between the parties broke down. The traditional left the business and also sought a declaration acc ording to which the partnership has ended and the court should order the partnership to be wound up. After going through all the facts of the case, the court arrived at the conclusion that the relationship between the parties was a partnership and it continued even if the parties have not entered into an exclusive agreement (Exparte Coral Investments Pty Ltd., 1979). Another relevant provision is also present in the partnership Act. According to section 2(3) of the Act, it has to be treated as a prima facie proof of the fact regarding the presence of a partnership, when a person receives a share of the profit made by the business. However, it also needs to be mentioned that only the fact of sharing the profit made by the business or by receiving payment. That has been generated on the basis of the profit made by the business is not the only effect on the basis of which it can be claimed that such person is a partner in the business (Television Broadcasters Ltd v Ashtons Nominees Pty Ltd., 1979). In this regard, sometimes it difficulty may be present due to the fact that the term 'evidence' has been qualified by using the term 'prima facie'. Therefore, in view of this, it can be concluded that when a profit-sharing scheme is present, it can be considered as evidence suggesting the existence of a partnership, but a person cannot be termed as a part ner only due to the fact that the person shares the profit made by the business. In this regard an important case is of Cox v Hickman (1880). Application: In this case, the Smiths were trading as partners. However, after some time, the company fell prey to financial difficulties. As a result, B. and J. Smith entered into an agreement with their creditors. It was mentioned in this agreement that the business was going to be assigned to the creditors. The creditors will allow the carry on the business under new name. Similarly, the agreement provided that the profit made by the business was going to be divided among all the creditors. According to this agreement, when the creditors have been repaid in full, they will return the business to business to the Smiths. Under these circumstances, two of the creditors were appointed as trustees, Cox and Wheatcroft. However, Cox did not act as the trustee and similarly Wheatcroft also acted in this position for a brief period. After Wheatcroft left his position as the trustee, the other trustees incur some debts, and they also drawn some bills of exchange to Hickman. In such circumstances, Hickma n applied to the court as he wanted that Wheatcroft and Cox should go to the liability for these bills. However, after considering all the facts, the decision of the court was that Wheatcroft and Cox were never mentioned as partners. At the same time, Hickman did not have any knowledge regarding the presence of the deed. Therefore, the court stated that Wheatcroft and Cox cannot be held liable for these debts even if they were sharing the profit. The court relied on the fact that only due to the reason that they were receiving a share from the profit of the business, it cannot be concluded that both of them should be treated as partners. The fact was noted by the court that the arrangement according to which the profit of the business was to be used for repaying the old debts and the creditors agreed to give up their right of the page from the capital of the business, it cannot be said that there was a partnership for the third parties who were not aware of the deed. The Partnership Act also provides that only on the basis of the fact the receiving debt at the liquidited demand from the profit earned by the business. It cannot be claimed that the person has to be treated as a partner. This rule is based on the judgment of the court delivered in Cox v Hickman (1860). On the other hand, when certain circumstances are present, due to which, it becomes clear that in reality the relationship was a partnership, the law provides that the lender can be treated as a partner irrespective of the intention that has been mentioned by the parties. Conclusion: Under these circumstances, in the present case also, by applying the legal rules that are present in the partnership Act, it is clear that Violet can be considered as a partner of Busy Bee Florist Shop. This conclusion can be drawn even if the agreement made between the parties provides that the lender (Violet) is not going to be treated as a partner in the business. However, the same conclusion cannot be made regarding Sonny. As a result, it cannot be concluded that Sonny is also a partner in Busy Bee Florist Shop. This conclusion has been made in the present case on the basis of the fact that according to the law of partnership, it has been mentioned that although the fact that a person receives a share out of the profit of the business but only on the basis of this fact, a conclusion cannot be drawn that the person needs to be treated as a partner (Badeley v Consolidated Bank, 1888). Therefore even if the person may be receiving a share, from the profit of the business or a paymen t that is based on the profit of the business, it cannot be concluded that such person is a partner only due to this fact alone. Hence, the law of partnership provides that the contract for remuneration that is going to be provided to servant or an agent as a share, from the profit of the business does not necessarily mean that such person is a partner and as a result, liable for the debts of the partnership. Therefore it is clear in the present case that while Violet is a partner, Sonny is only a creditor. References Badeley v Consolidated Bank (1888) 38 Ch D 238 Canny Gabriel Castle Advertising Pty Ltd Anor v Volume Sales (Finance) Pty Ltd (1974) 131 CLR 321 Cox v Hickman (1880) 8 HL Cas 268 Exparte Coral Investments Pty Ltd [1979] Qd R 292 Re Ruddock (1879) 5 VLR 51 (IP M) 51 Smith v Anderson (1880) 15 Ch D 247 Stekel v Ellice [1973] 1 WLR 191 Television Broadcasters Ltd v Ashtons Nominees Pty Ltd (No 1) (1979) 22 SASR 552 Wiltshire v Kuenzli (1945) 63 WN 47

Othello Essays (1350 words) - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio

Othello If one reads Shakespeare's Othello, they can come to the conclusion that it might be one of the his most tragic plays ever written by Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet, is probably the most famous of his tragic plays, but Othello, has characteristics that, I think make it even more tragic then his other plays, and therefore for that reason, you can say that Othello is the most tragic hero. Othello is a noble man, one who has grace with the ladies but also possesses all the virtues of a military leader that he is. He is a general that is experienced in battle. He has shown that he is reliable and well known in the military and is well respected. His valiant personality, is what draws people to him, as it does for Desdemona. The senators value him and hear what he says when he speaks. This is shown here by one of the senators. "Here comes Barbantio and the valiant Moor", (Act I scene 3, 47) . This is an example of the many comments which shows Othello's character and personality as a person and an officer. They say he is one of the great leaders. Not only does he posses great character and courage, but also dignity. He keeps his control even when he is being accused of witchcraft during the first encounter with the senators when Desdemona's father confronts him about see his daughter. "Most potent, grave, and reverend signors, My very noble and approved good masters; That I have ta'en away this old man's daughter, It is most true; true I have married her. The very head and front of my offending Hath the extent, no more. Rude I am in my speech, And little blessed with the soft phrase of peace;" (I, iii, 91) This is an example of how Othello deals with style and grace under fire, when he is accused of witch craft, by marrying Desdemona. He neither, yells or screams, but explains in a manner that captivates his audience, and draws them in to listen. A major sign that Othello shows his rage and jealousy occurs in Act III, scene 3, when Iago is talking with Othello and tells him that Desdemona is a whore. Othello's breakdown, almost to choke Iago, simply asks Iago "Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore, Be sure if it. Give me the ocular proof. Or by the worth of mine eternal soul, thou hadst been better have been born a dog. Than answer my waked wrath." (Act III, scene 3) This a point in the play where Iago starts unveil his malicious plan. It makes Othello react, in a manner that he usually does not. Othello has many qualities that contribute to his overall worth. One being his trustfulness. At this point in time, Othello, says that Iago is a man of honor and trust, and therefore has no reason not to distrust him. Many times Othello does not see the fake and malicious acts of Iago. This is done to extend the play and also add to Othello's tragic flaws. Othello trusts too easily. Othello is used to dealing with military people and on the battle field, a place where you put your life in the hands of others and trust is very important. Iago reputation on the battle field is well known and is not tarnished. With Othello being a military leader for most of his life, trusting another military friend, is not uncommon, and therefore, Othello has no reason not to believe or trust Iago. So it can be said that Othello has a number of tragic flaws, one being trust worthy. It is not to say that being trust worthy is a bad characteristic, but to not trust your own wife? Othello, tragically, in Act III, scene 3, is thoroughly corrupted by Iago, says that he believes that Desdemona is honest, but yet he thinks that she is not. This is a part that Othello's "innocence" is torn to bits, because he does not know what to believe anymore. This is also where he comes to Iago for advice, which is what Iago has been waiting for. Othello is seen as a confused man without direction and does know what to do. "By the world, I think that my wife be honest and think that she is not. I think that thou art just and think she is not. Othello then says to Iago: "Damn her, lewd minx, damn her, damn her! Come,

The Lady from Shanghai Film Noir Essay Example

The Lady from Shanghai Film Noir Essay Example The Lady from Shanghai Film Noir Paper The Lady from Shanghai Film Noir Paper Essay Topic: Chinatown In classical Greek mythology, the sirens were creatures, which would sing so beautifully that sailors would wreck their ships and drown. Another creature in classical Greek mythology was Circe, a beautiful witch who would destroy the men who came to her island by turning them into animals. How does Orson Welles update these classical Greek elements and put them into his film? Why does he make use of these figures from classical mythology in order to tell a story set in the modern world? The lady From Shanghai movie is a film noir. The movie is a commercial Hollywood film and at the same time an â€Å"art film†. One of the aspects of the â€Å"art film† is symbolism. Welles forced us into it is symbolic subtext in order to understand it is logic. He updated classical Greek elements and put them into his film. I think the reason why Welles is using mythology to tell a story set in modern world is because mythology gives meaning to human experience. Myths are ancient, but timeless stories that stretch the bounds of daily understanding. Elsa symbolized the Sirens. She is a beautiful woman who lured Michael to fulfill her selfish desire. She wanted her husband dead. Elsa is also compared to Circe (the daughter of Helios). Just before Michael passed out from the effects of the pills, he denounced her as a blonde Circe. He sticks the gun into her ribs. He told Elsa that she killed Grisby and she is the killer. Elsa, as Circe created unsubstantial image of beasts in men. 2. A story within a story: How does the Chinese play in the film reflect the events themes of the movie itself? Michael runs into the Chinatown where he ducks inside the Mandarin Theatre, during the performance of a costumed, stylized oriental play. The Chinese theatre scene is central to the meaning of The Lady From Shanghai. The meaning of this scene is â€Å"the alienation effect†. The play on stage revealed Elsa’s true intentions. This scene comes in a moment, when audience needed some answers. I think Welles gave us a little exposition to clear things up before he takes us to the House of Mirrors. 3. Discuss the scene in the House of Mirrors towards the end of the film. What is the symbolic importance of mirror images appearing and then being broken or shattered? Elsa’s servants kidnapped Michael to a deserted amusement park, closed for the season. I the hall of mirrors Elsa and Bannister murder one another in the fragmented shards of glass. The symbolic importance of mirror images appearing and then being broken it is that not only their bodies are being terminated, but their self-images, self-esteem, and personal legacies being shattered as well. When the mirrors are destroyed than we can see whom Elsa really is. Before Michael descended into the hall of mirrors, he twice passes signs that say: â€Å"STAND UP OR GIVE UP†. When Michael enters the hall of mirrors, the distorted images of him suggested potential lost of selfhood. . Give a detailed example of a montage from this film. For this question, you may use any example except the siren scene, the Chinese play scene, and the mirror scene, as these have been discussed above. Montage in The Lady From Shanghai is used in flashback to explain the past, ongoing actions and illustration of character’s thoughts. The scene in aquarium, when Michael met with Elsa it i s an example of a montage. There are an octopus and shark in the big tanks. Octopus is a symbol of conspiracy; shark is a symbol of power, unpredictable, dangerous. When Elsa and Michael kissed in the aquarium, the sharks made sinister passes in the tanks behind them. Michael does not know it that he is on his way to be eaten by his lover. This means the fragility of existence, the absurdity of reality, and the lie in love. When Michael O’Hara delivered a speech about the cannibal sharks; the metaphor perfectly describes the group of people with whom he traveled. 5. Explain how The Lady From Shanghai is both commercial Hollywood film and at the same time an â€Å"art film†? Give specific examples from the film’s plot, characters, and setting. The Lady From Shanghai is a commercial Hollywood film and at the same time an â€Å"art film†. The film has an art film aspects like: symbolism, social realism style, focus on thoughts and dreams of character, use of montage, closes supporting art film are: symbolism – the Sirens, Circa, the courtroom scene, Bannister named their yacht â€Å"The Circe†. When Elsa springs a trap of seduction and deception on Michael, she first leads him down back alleys until they reach a spot where a large pig is wallowing in the street (Circe) etc. Use of montage – jury’s chairs arrange as a chessboard, Judges playing chess, scene in aquarium. The film has also commercial film aspects like: making money, targeting general audience, linear plot, overlapping dialogues, violence, music aspects, soft focus, deliberately stylized glamor, commercial. Examples supporting commercial film are: use of overlapping dialogues – Chinese theater. Soft focus – glamorous soft-focus extreme close- ups of Elsa’s face. Violence – triple murder. Commercial – scene on the yacht interrupted by Glosso Lusto – hair care product commercial.

The cost of taking a family or individual spring break trip to florida Essay

The cost of taking a family or individual spring break trip to florida - Essay Example The website Traveling2Florida.com presents many interesting facts about Florida which can be helpful for a family or even an individual. More so, the lay-out of the website is organized and easy-to-read devoid of distractions such as girls wearing skimpy swimsuits. Perhaps, the website mainly targets families and couples. The main webpage presents different locations in Florida that can be visited such as Orlando, Tampa, Miami Beach, Fort Lauderdale and Florida keys. Per location, a certain suggestion is written like bringing children to Orlando for the theme parks or staying at Fort Lauderdale to avoid the collegiate crowd. On the right column of the webpage, many interesting news articles for travelers are presented such as vacation theme parks, rules in house rentals, place for animal lovers, places to go shopping and other articles that are very helpful to someone visiting Florida for the first time. It is also implied in the webpage that they are connected to a network of vacati on rentals which they promote as cheaper way to spend vacation than to stay in hotels. The information on the cost of house rentals cannot be found on the main page, rather, one must browse the link to Find Florida Vacation Rentals. In this website , different accommodations are presented depending on the customer’s budget and requirements. One good thing about this page is that there are interactive menus that you can fill-up on the right side of this webpage. In this section, one can do a property search to check the availability of the properties as matched to one’s date of arrival. As a sample, I browsed the Green Reef 11 accommodation to read about the amenities provided. It was a pleasant surprise to see a condominium facing the beach with emerald green waters. The place is spacious enough to accommodate 8 guests and has numerous decks that will guarantee lots of basking in the sun.

Econ5150final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Econ5150final - Essay Example Another reason as to why the economy of these two nations as well as that of the general Asian region is the availability of technology and well skilled personnel who are able to use this technology to improve production (Onyemelukwe, Pg. 265). The high population of these nations has also been a contributing factor due to the fact that it creates a large and ready market for finished goods. In economics, one of the factors that influence the demand of a commodity is the size of the population. As such, with the high population in China and S. Korea, the demand for finished goods is high (Onyemelukwe, Pg. 266). Despite the numerous similarities between the economic growth and development of China and that of S. Korea, it is imperative to note that there are some distinguishing factors between the two and hence there exist a number of differences. As a norm, the economical and political environment of one geographical region will always differ from that of other regions. This article will purpose to compare and contrast the economies of China and S. Korea. It will address the variety of factors that influence the economies of the two nations before giving a conclusion on the same. Economy of China China is one of the nations that have had the most significant economic growth over the last couple of years. Being a third world country, China has been able to grow to such a level that today it is ranked second largest economy in terms of GDP second only to the United States of America which is considered a global superpower. In addition, over the period of the last three decades, China has been ranked as the fastest growing economy in the world registering an average growth rate of 10% per annum in the last thirty years (Lardy Pg. 3-6). In addition, China has also been ranked as the largest exporter in the world and at the same time as the second largest importer after the USA. It is also imperative to note that China is ranked first in manufacturing. It has outdon e the USA and has now become the largest service driven economy. Ranking on per capita basis, China was at position 87th by Nominal GDP in the year 2012. This was according to the records of the International Monetary Funds. Despite the enormous rejuvenation of the Chinese economy, it should be acknowledged that there are some parts of the country which are less developed tan others. For instance, areas located in the hinterland have experienced relatively slow development while areas at the coastal region are highly industrialized. China continues to strategize itself for further development and economic growth. One of the strategies that are guiding its development is the Xi Jinping’s Chinese Dream. Under this dream, the China government is committed to achieving â€Å"Two 100s† by the year 2049. This means, by the year 2020 which also happens to be the 100th anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party, the nation plans to have become a moderately well off community a nd that will denote the first 100 of the â€Å"two 100s.† then, by the year 2049, which will also be the 100th anniversary since the People’s Republic was founded, it is expected that China will be a fully developed economy. There are a number of factors that have contributed to the growth and

How Can an Engineering Airline Maintenance Organisation Identify Assignment

How Can an Engineering Airline Maintenance Organisation Identify Existing or New Staff to Take on Managerial Responsibilities - Assignment Example However, for airlines to operate effectively, they must have to maintain their planes, which are the key to their returns. Therefore, there is a need for an airline maintenance organization contracted by an airline. The airline entrusts the maintenance organization with the responsibility of ensuring the aircraft are worthy of operating. According to Hines (2003), the maintenance organizations are required to assess the competence and qualification of aircraft maintenance employees and the results can either confirm the need for training or not. Nevertheless, when the organization is seeking for an employee, who will match the managerial responsibilities, it can choose to either recruit internally or externally from a pool of candidates. When an organization decides to recruit externally, there are a number of steps involved. According to Roberts (1997 p3), the main purpose of selecting candidates is to match them with the organization’s responsibilities, hence consideration o f competence of the candidates is important. The first step in attracting candidates for a particular position is through advertising, whereby, an organization can choose from a variety, newspapers, internet, or posters among others. The interested candidates respond via curriculum vitae or application letters. The organization then proceeds to sort the quality qualified CVs from the low-quality ones and shortlist the qualified candidates. The qualified candidates are then invited for the interview, at a certain date, time, and venue. During the interviews, the employees are expected to answer the question confidently and correctly; the interviews determine the capability of a candidate to take up the required roles. According to Holbeche (2009 pp 175), after the interview is conducted, feedback should be given to the unsuccessful and successful candidates. It is important to recruit new talent into the organization, as they contribute towards new ideas; however, the skills and expe rience have to fit the assigned role. In this case, of the managerial responsibility, the experience is necessary for this position.  

Volkswagens International Marketing Strategy

Volkswagens International Marketing Strategy Companys snapshot: Volkswagen is a German automobile company. It operates as a manufacturer and distributor of automobile parts in the Global automotive industry. One of its subsidiaries is the Volkswagen of America that is based in United States. The Groups principal activities are to design, manufacture and distribution of cars and other vehicles worldwide. These activities are carried out through two divisions: Namely Automobile and Financial services. The Automobile division involves development of vehicles and engines, as well as the production and sale of passenger cars, commercial vehicles, trucks and buses. The Financial division involves dealer and customer financing, leasing, Banking and insurance services, rentals and fleet management. Overview of Volkswagen Group of Companies: It leads the continent as the Europes number one car maker. The Companys major production line include Volkswagen Passenger car, Audi, SEAT, Skoda, Lamborghini, Bugatti and Bentley ranges of vehicles. The Companys major emphasis is on increasing its focus on core business, profitability and reducing the production cost. In order to achieve this it is considering divesture of non core business segments and adapting many Modular strategies in the process of production and introduction of new models. Company at a Glance: Major Industry: Automotive Industry. Sub Industry: Diversified Automotive Mfrs. 2008 Sales: 113,808,000,000 (Year Ending Jan 2009). Employees: 357,207. Market Cap: 30,656,317,749. Share Type: Stammaktie. Stock Data: Current Price (12/30/2009): 76.58 In Euro. Revenue generated in the year 2008: 113.808 BLN EUR. History: It was setup in 1930 by Ferdinand Porshe in Germany and was known as Porshe Buro. In early 1930s German Automotive industry was mainly involved in making Luxury cars. And so an average German could only afford nothing more than a motorcycle. In 1934 Ferdinand Porshe was commissioned by Adolph Hitler to build a small inexpensive car. He required a basic vehicle that could transport two adults and three children. And this vehicle would be available to all at the price of a motorcycle. On 22 June 1934 Ferdinand Porshe agreed to create a Peoples Car for Hitler. There were many changes including better fuel efficiency, reliability, ease of use, and economically efficient repairs and parts. The prototypes of the car in the form of KDF-Wagen started appearing from 1936. this car had its peculiar round shape and air-cooled, flat-four, rear-mounted engine. Only a handful of cars were made before the second world war started, that is in 1936. The post war existence of the Company owed to a British major Ivan Hirst. He indented to dismantle the Company and ship it to Britain as no car manufacturer was interested in the Company as it lacked the fundamental requirements. The Company survived by producing the cars for British Army. Volkswagens were first sold in America in 1949. And even though these models were universally known as Beetle, the Company never officially named it, instead it was referred as Type 1. During 1960s and 1970s the car was becoming outdated the Company introduced several Type 3 and Type 4 models. It differed from the previous models notably with the introduction of monocoque/unibody construction, the option of a fully automatic transmission, electronic fuel injection, and a sturdier power plant. In 1964, Volkswagen succeeded in purchasing Auto Union, and in 1969, Motorenwerke AG (NSU). VW ultimately merged Auto Union and NSU to create the modern day Audi company. Companys mission statement: Provide a quality product. Create a safe environment. Enhance productivity. Eco Friendliness. Volkswagen projects: The engineers at Volkswagen are constantly trying to develop new fuel efficient Models which have very less fuel emission and offer great performance. It is involved in developing many fuel efficient vehicles such as BlueMotion Models, alternate powertrain technology and supporting many other projects for environmentally sound driving. Golf BlueMotion is the example of the most fuel efficient vehicle created by them with CO2 emissions less than 107g/kg. Volkswagen is one of the company to become the member of Business and Biodiversity Initiative. Where ever possible they use recycled and recyclable materials and most eco friendly methods of construction. They are constantly working on developing vehicles which are fuel efficient and which have minimum impact on the environment. The company is engaged in many research projects relating to biotopes, the environment and protection of the species and supports research programs. Marketing Strategy: Volkswagen mainly uses Double Marketing in order to position its brand. Double marketing mainly means running multiple campaigns at different places carrying different messages simultaneously. Initially coke was the only company that tried this because of their huge Budget by engaging different ad agencies and pitting them against each other.At times there were different campaigns that were put up at the same time. But they didnt really work together. In the time period of last few months they have launched campaigns such as Unpimp my ride to prevent the modifications done by people and for design control, theobeying your fast for the GTI as well as the safe happens jarring TV ad spots for the Jetta. The Companys major emphasis is on easier availability of its products. And to make that possible it has around 44 sites all over the world. That gives them the Geographical advantage. As they can reach the demands of their customers and even provide a good after sales service through their service centres. Its major marketing strategy is branding its products into different segments of production lines. Its brands go from Skoda (economically priced family vehicles) to Rolls Royce. Use of Latest Technology: Blueprinting is the latest technology used by them. Blueprinting is the science of engine rebuilding. At times the engine becomes rigid and there is often disturbance during the start of the engine. This is due to incorrect shimming, vibration from poorly balanced cranks, rough low speed running from valve clearances being too large, so generally speaking there is a lot of room for improvement. Careful measuring, fitting and balancing are the main steps involved in Blueprinting. This enhances the performance of the engine providing fuel economy and dependability. In simple words the engine becomes brand new. After Blueprinting the Gear shifting feels very positive and the vibrations will be nullified aiding Longitivity. Volkswagens Closest Competitors: Ford, Toyota, Mercedes and General Motors are the major competitors. Out of which Volkswagen claims that Toyota is its major competitors. Company Sales Revenue (Year 2008) Loss (%) General Motors $148,979Billion 8% Ford $146277Billion  Ã‚  Ã‚   11% Mercedes $23.8Billion 7% Toyota $204352Billion 8% Volkswagen made a profit of about 1.2 Billion in the year 2008. Their sales revenue was 113.808 BLN SWOT Analysis: Volkswagen AG Strengths Strong Market Share: As it leads the continent as the number one car maker, it holds a strong reputation in the market. Due to this its stock value cannot be brought down easily. Strong RD Activities: This is a major advantage over its competitors. They are always inquisitive of finding some alternate technology which make vehicles more fuel efficient and decrease the emissions ensuring a better environment. Strong Brand Equity: It holds a strong brand value as people are aware of each and every Brand owned by them. And those stand among the top brands amongst others in the industry. Geographic Diversification: As it has 44 sites all over the world, it can meet up the demand of the consumers over every product. Strong Growth Prospects: They should continue to live up to the reputation created by them in the Automotive industry. Volkswagen AG Weakness Limited Liquidity Position: As they have a huge capital invested in Research and development and promoting other projects they have limited liquidity position. Declining Market Share in Sector Volkswagen AG Opportunities Strategic Alliances: Volkswagen from the very beginning started forming alliances with other companies. The Brand such as Audi was formed by merging of Volkswagen with Auto Union and Nsu. Demand for Fuel Efficient and Hybrid Vehicles: There has always been an increase in demand of better fuel efficient vehicles with very low emissions. So if they continue to meet the demands through their Research and development they can survive in the emerging market. Growth Opportunities in Emerging Markets: Using their knowledge and efficiency in finding new technology which can be used in the engines, for example Blueprinting technology, they can always have a strong position in the market. Volkswagen AG Threats Intense Competition: There are many companies which are providing a good competition in terms of market share. Last year Volkswagen claimed that Toyota is its biggest competitor. Global Economic Slow Down: Due to recession there has been a very stiff competition among the companies as there has been very limited demand in the automobile sector. Stricter Emission Standards: Due to the advancement of technology there has been a demand of very low emissions and to some extent the companies have been able to meet up the demand, so the emission standards get stricter and stricter each time a new technology comes up. Conclusion: Volkswagen is successful mainly because of manufacturing automobile parts, rather than waiting for the manufacture of a new car and launching it. Most of the major brands that they own were purchased by them. People were to some extent aware of those brands. But they did not hold much bigger market value. References: Volkswagen Chronicle Volkswagen Beetle History 1938 to 2003 Jpost.com www.rememusem.com Volkswagens American assembly plant Rumors.automobilemag.com Companiesandmarkets.com Corporate information snapshots IBISWorld Institute for Sustainability and Technology Polic Articlesbase/Volkswagen Gti, Automobile Magazines Car of the Year CJS Racing South West http://autos.yahoo.com/articles/autos_content_landing_pages/1161/volkswagen-steals-toyotas-crown-as-worlds-largest-automaker/ Was Hitlers Beetle designed by a Jew? | Jewish Features | Jerusalem Post. Jpost.com. http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1251804553863pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull. Retrieved 2009-10-07. Volkswagen to Shut U.S. Plant. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE7D6113DF932A15752C1A961948260. Retrieved 2008-05-17. VW picks Tenn. for its 1st US car plant since 88. Bloomberg News Volkswagen to take a 42.0 percent stake in Porsche AG. Taume News. 2009-08-14. http://news.taume.com/World-Business/Business-Finance/Volkswagen-to-take-a-42-0-percent-stake-in-Porsche-AG-11861. Retrieved 2009-01-22. Todd Kaho (2007-10-01). Volkswagen Pushes for Development of Clean Diesels. Green Car Journal. http://www.greencar.com/articles/volkswagen-pushes-development-clean-diesels.php. Retrieved 2009-04-19. VW revs up its clean-diesel technologies. Oct.11, 2007, mlive.com May 3, 2008

On Social Classes In Jane Austens Pride And Prejudice :: essays research papers

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, life for the upper-middle class and the aristocracy was simple and comfortable, at least on the surface. Strict manners and “morals,'; that often prevented them from asserting or protecting themselves, bound these two classes of people. Such lifestyles are illustrated quite honestly in Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice. The characters in this novel have comfortable lives on the surface; however, internally they are victims of their social status.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The husband and wife duo of Collins and Charlotte Lucas-Collins are two prime examples of this mentality. Collins, who is a minister, and bound by the social class of his benefactor, Lady Catherine, always puts on a faà §ade that makes him seem much classier than normal when he is around others. He constantly showed off his possessions. Charlotte, Collins’ wife, was not so much his wife by choice, but rather, out of necessity. Charlotte, a twenty-seven year old single woman nearly doomed to remain a spinster for the rest of her life, had to marry soon, and the only man that made a proposal was Collins, therefore she had to say yes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mrs. Bennet, the mother of Eliza, always hurriedly rushes about to get her daughters married. Her haste is understandable, partly, because, the Bennet family has no male heir, therefore any daughters left unmarried will be thrust into poverty upon their father’s death. However, most of her rushing seems nothing more than the nagging, useless bickering of a gossiping old biddy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mr. Bingley seems not to be a victim per se, but the people around him and their superficial motives tend to cause him harm. His sister, Caroline, causes many people to avoid Bingley because of her snobbishness. Mr. Darcy, though good intentioned, almost ruins Bingley’s most promising marriage conquest by breaking Bingley and Jane Bennet up.

Lord of the Flies Essay

In the novel Lord of the Flies, the author places a group of children in a situation where there are no grown ups to control them. On an island, faraway from civilisation, it is up to the schoolboys to establish a new society with new rules, so that they can live together. But their attempt at an ordered life soon falls apart and each of them is driven by an inner beast, which tempts them into evil. The novel suggests that even though man has evolved over the centuries, becoming civilized and leaving the cave for the city, the savage within him still remains. Disconnected from the restrictions of society, he slips back into a life where the strong dominate through fear, and there is no place for the weak other than as blind followers. It raises a very simple yet important question – do the strong always hurt the weak? Hunting is one clear theme from the text, which implies that the author’s answer to this question is ‘yes’. Since the beginning, the boys get classed according to their strength: Ralph is chosen as the chief, the littluns are left to themselves, Piggy and Simon are largely ignored and Jack becomes the leader of the hunters. Jack wants to be the one to provide ‘meat’ for the tribe. Yet, as time goes by, he seems to become more obsessed by the thrill of killing, feeling a â€Å"compulsion to track down and kill† that is â€Å"swallowing him up. † When the boys hunt the sow suckling its piglets, they choose the weakest and most innocent of preys. The killing is described almost as a sexual act indicating the amount of pleasure it gave them: â€Å"Then Jack found the throat and the hot blood spouted over his hands. The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her†. In the island’s government, Jack also uses his power to hurt the weak to establish his authority. He shows off his hunting skills to convince the boys that he will be a better leader and give better protection against the feeble. When Roger kills Piggy, Jack screams, â€Å"See? See? That’s what you’ll get! † His set of laws is enforced through fear and punishment, and even when Ralph is alone and defenceless, he wants to hunt him down and kill him. Although Jack and Roger are the most obvious examples of strong hurting the weak, most of the other boys also have the same instinct. Kill the pig! Cut his throat! Kill the pig! Bash him in! † they chant as they act out their hunt around the bonfire and do a savage dance. The performance seems to carry them into a hypnotic trance, which leads to the vicious killing of Simon. By the end of the novel, even the littluns have gone wild. Carried away by fear and violence, they join the hunt for Ralph. It is easy to see that Lord of the Flies reflects a very pessimistic view of human nature. The author seems to judge that the desire to hurt the weak is an inherent instinct in man. The thesis definitely holds true in the world showed in the book. But to fully understand whether it is true or not, it is important to apply it to the real world as well. There are countless examples in everyday life and history that support the thesis question. In 1996, the sports accessories giant Nike was hauled to court for exploiting children under sixteen to work in their sweatshops in Indonesia (Harsono, 1996). Not only was the company breaking Child Labor Laws, it was making the children work like slaves in terrible working conditions. They were being paid the official minimum wage, which was less that $2. 17 per day allowing Nike to make exorbitant profits. Children form the weakest section of human society and therefore are often hurt and exploited. But they in turn, can also become the tormentor for others weaker than themselves. We have all seen kids throwing stones at helpless dogs or stamping on ants just for fun. Playgrounds are filled with bullies who torment the meek. As Golding would say, the instinct to hurt seems to be present in us from birth. In another sensational example of people using their power to abuse the weak, The Independent (Coonan, 2006) recently featured an article revealing the ‘casting couch’ in the Chinese film industry. A Chinese actress Zhang Yu had blown the whistle on a number of famous directors and producers who only agreed to give roles in exchange for sex. And this is not an uncommon scenario. Life seems to be full of people who use their power to get what they want from those in their control. A recent film, The Hostel, explores this desire to hurt in humans, exposing it as a sickness. It is about a different kind of prostitution, where the powerless victims are sold to buyers who get pleasure torturing them. The movie shows the ‘beast’ in human nature at its worst. And the most terrifying is that the writer claims that its storyline is based on reports of true incidents. Yet, despite such strong evidence of support, one can’t help but find Golding’s worldview to be slightly one-sided as there are plenty of examples, which contradict it as well. It is true that people exist who enjoy hurting the weak. But it is also true that people exist who devote their entire life to protecting them. To accept unconditionally that the strong always want to harm the helpless, is to forget the Mother Theresas and the Nelson Mandelas of this world. The thesis ignores the human rights workers, lawyers, medical aides who work tirelessly for the cause of the weak. In the Genesis (1: 1-25), God is said to create light and darkness, water and earth, bird and beast. And so, just as there is evil, there is also good. It is a duality that is inherent in life. Is the desire to hurt the weak instinctive in man? In the imaginary world of the Lord of the Flies the answer is ‘yes’. But in real life, the issue is too complex for so absolute an answer. We cannot arrive at the truth by simply ignoring the better side of human nature and considering only the worst or vice versa. Golding’s outlook is all-inclusive and too generalized. The novel itself gives the first seed of doubt in the form of Simon. He helps the littluns collect fruit to eat. For every Jack in this world, there exists at least one Simon. If it were a universal truth that deep down all humans feel a desire to hurt the weak, his presence would be hard to explain indeed. Reference http://www.albionmonitor.com/9606a/nikelabor.html

Free Essays on The Loyalty Of Love

Turner i The Loyalty of Love Thesis Statement: Catherine Sloper chooses to love her father and her lover who both misjudge her loyalty of love, out of their own vanity. I. Plot Summary of Washington Square A. Austin Sloper, the domineering father B. Catherine Sloper, a simple minded daughter II. The Character’s Goals A. The Positive Feel of Satisfaction B. The Future Hopes and Dreams III. Catherine’s Loyalty of Love A. The Nature of Catherine 1. Father’s Avoidance 2. Lack of Acceptance 3. Into the hands of Townsend IV. Manipulation A. Morris Townsend, the immortal villain B. Aunt Penniman V. Resolve to Change Turner ii A. Victim and Victimizer The Loyalty of Love Washington Square by Henry James tackles love and loyalty on his very complex character, Catherine Sloper. The novel is set in Washington Square, New York in the mid 1800s. In the house, Catherine lives with her domineering father, Doctor Austin Sloper and his sister Lavinia Penniman. Doctor Sloper is a rich and popular physician while his sister is a widow starving for romance who is financially dependent upon her brother. Mrs. Penniman was left without a fortune and is prone to romantic fantasies unlike their pragmatic sister Mrs. Almond. She however is Doctor Sloper’s favorite sister and confidante. Austin Sloper, himself is a widower. His wife Mrs. Catherine Sloper first gave birth to a baby boy of extraordinary promise who died at three years of age. Two years later Mrs. Sloper gave birth to a second baby. This baby was not a little boy of extraordinary promise like the first, which the Doctor promised himself he would make an admirable man. Instead the sex would render the poor child in the Doctor’s sense. The little girl was a disappointment and that was not the worst. The young mother would die just a week after giving birth (James). She was named Catherine after her mother but did not take her mother’s beau... Free Essays on The Loyalty Of Love Free Essays on The Loyalty Of Love Turner i The Loyalty of Love Thesis Statement: Catherine Sloper chooses to love her father and her lover who both misjudge her loyalty of love, out of their own vanity. I. Plot Summary of Washington Square A. Austin Sloper, the domineering father B. Catherine Sloper, a simple minded daughter II. The Character’s Goals A. The Positive Feel of Satisfaction B. The Future Hopes and Dreams III. Catherine’s Loyalty of Love A. The Nature of Catherine 1. Father’s Avoidance 2. Lack of Acceptance 3. Into the hands of Townsend IV. Manipulation A. Morris Townsend, the immortal villain B. Aunt Penniman V. Resolve to Change Turner ii A. Victim and Victimizer The Loyalty of Love Washington Square by Henry James tackles love and loyalty on his very complex character, Catherine Sloper. The novel is set in Washington Square, New York in the mid 1800s. In the house, Catherine lives with her domineering father, Doctor Austin Sloper and his sister Lavinia Penniman. Doctor Sloper is a rich and popular physician while his sister is a widow starving for romance who is financially dependent upon her brother. Mrs. Penniman was left without a fortune and is prone to romantic fantasies unlike their pragmatic sister Mrs. Almond. She however is Doctor Sloper’s favorite sister and confidante. Austin Sloper, himself is a widower. His wife Mrs. Catherine Sloper first gave birth to a baby boy of extraordinary promise who died at three years of age. Two years later Mrs. Sloper gave birth to a second baby. This baby was not a little boy of extraordinary promise like the first, which the Doctor promised himself he would make an admirable man. Instead the sex would render the poor child in the Doctor’s sense. The little girl was a disappointment and that was not the worst. The young mother would die just a week after giving birth (James). She was named Catherine after her mother but did not take her mother’s beau...

Why You Should Never Take a Job Below Your Skill Level

Why You Should Never Take a Job Below Your Skill Level Many often find themselves considering jobs below their skill level in tough employment markets. Faced with ongoing unemployment, or the option of part-time or temporary work, one might think that taking a full-time job, regardless of whether it falls below your level of qualifications, is the best option. But it turns out that there is scientific proof that working in a job below your skill level harms your later chances of getting hired for a better-paying job more appropriate to your qualifications. Sociologist David Pedulla at  The University of Texas at Austin examined the question of how  part-time jobs, temporary jobs, and jobs below a persons skill level affect future employability. Specifically, he wondered how this employment variable would influence whether applicants received a callback (via phone or email) from a prospective employer. Pedulla also wondered whether gender might interact with the employment variable to influence the outcome. To examine these questions Pedulla conducted a now fairly common experimenthe created fake resumes and submitted them to firms that were hiring. He submitted 2,420 fake  applications to 1,210 job listings posted in five major cities across the U.S.New  York City, Atlanta, Chicago, Los  Angeles, and Bostonand advertised on a major national job-posting website. Pedulla constructed the study to examine four different kinds of jobs, including  sales, accounting/bookkeeping,  project management/management, and  administrative/clerical positions. He tailored the fake resumes and applications so that each demonstrated a six-year history of employment and professional experience relevant to the occupation. In order to address his research questions, he varied the applications by gender, and also by employment status for the previous year. Some applicants were listed as having been employed full-time, while others listed part-time or temporary work, working in a job below the appl icants skill level, and others were unemployed for the year prior to the current application. The careful construction and execution of this study allowed Pedulla to find clear, compelling, and statistically significant results that show that  applicants who were positioned as working below their skill level, regardless of gender, received only half as many callbacks as those who were working in full-time jobs the previous yeara callback rate of just five percent compared to a little more than ten percent (also regardless of gender). The study also revealed that while part-time employment did not negatively affect the employability of women, it did for men, resulting in a callback rate of less than five percent. Being unemployed in the previous year had a modestly negative impact on women, reducing the callback rate to 7.5 percent, and was much more negative for men, who were called back at a rate of just 4.2 percent. Pedulla found that temporary work did not affect the callback rate. In the study,  published in the April 2016  issue of  American Sociological Review  as  Penalized or Protected? Gender and the Consequences of Nonstandard and Mismatched Employment Histories,  Pedulla remarked, ...these results indicate that part-time work and skills underutilization are as scarring for male workers as a year of unemployment. These results should serve as a cautionary tale to anyone considering taking a job bellow their skill level. While it might pay the bills in the short-term, it can significantly hamper ones ability to return to the relevant skill-level and pay grade at a later date. Doing so literally cuts in half your chances of getting called for an interview. Why might this be the case? Pedulla conducted a follow-up survey with 903 people in charge of hiring at a variety of companies across the nation in order to find out. He asked them  about their perceptions of applicants with each kind of employment history, and how likely they would be to recommend each kind of candidate to an interview. The results show that employers believe that men who are employed part-time or in positions below their skill level are less committed and less competent than men in other employment situations. Those surveyed also believed that women working below their skill level were less competent than others, but did not believe them to be less committed. Couched in the valuable insights offered by the findings of this study is a reminder of the troubling ways in which gender stereotypes shape perceptions and expectations of people in the workplace. Because part-time work is considered normal for women  it has a feminine connotation, even though it is increasingly common for all people under advanced capitalism. The results of this study, which show that men are penalized for part-time work when women are not, suggest that part-time work signals a failure of masculinity among men, signaling to employers incompetence and a lack of commitment. This is a disturbing reminder that the sword of gender bias does in fact cut both ways.

New Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Perspective - Essay Example To be able to feel what they feel as they see that world as being one of them and not as an outsider poking in. I would also be in touch and be friends with those whom many consider as a â€Å"threat† and see how they perceive things. The only downside to it is that I will also share the prejudices against them and will run the danger of being ostracized. Having a different religion which allows multiple wives (up to four) might allow me to experience how it is to live in an extended family; with different wives or husbands with children or siblings with different mothers or fathers. If the extended family proves to be cohesive, that would be a very strong support system. The downside to it however is that the arrangement is prone to jealousy especially with the wives who has a common husband. And if the husband does not have much, it will really cause trouble on how to keep the multiple wives. If I choose to work in the Middle East or any Arab country, the adjustment would be easier on my part as I will be accepted by the host country as one of their own sharing the same kind of Faith. Although this would subject me to discrimination in non-Muslim country where prejudices against Muslims is strong. I would have the chance to befriend and be really close with peers from school who are Mohammedans. In turn, I will have the opportunity to learn what a typical student does; and see for myself if they are different from us. But this is with the risk that I will be viewed with skepticism for bonding with Muslims and might be accused of being a terrorist! Before the change, I have to admit that I share the prejudices against Muslims. Admittedly, I too view them with skepticism and a bit of fear and spite. But after undergoing the change and living their world, that perspective will change as I understand them more. That

Design a questionnaire for a service or attraction which operates in Essay

Design a questionnaire for a service or attraction which operates in the events, tourism or hospitality environment - Essay Example I will be honoured to have you complete the questionnaire and hand it back to me for further analysis by the 20th of January, 2015. Please note that the required information is only intended for educational purposes, and will not, as such, be used for any other purposes apart from the above described role. If you have any doubts or inquiries, kindly contact the university hotline on the number †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. or email †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Kindly note that this survey does not require you to publish identifiable details about yourself at any point. In line with my university’s standards I am bound to ensure that such information is not included in the survey. Consequently, please avoid listing any information that is considered sensitive, such as your name, residence or names of your relatives. Kindly provide the most suited responses based on your own position and according to the attached guideline. The survey is only intended to take around 10 to 15 minutes of your time – I dearly appreciate your input and dedication. The above table and pie chart show the results of the analysis based on the main motivational factors for the survey participants. Among the listed factors, family activity was the leading motivator (30.7%) followed by education (21.8%), culture (15.8%), and sightseeing (13.9%). Based on the results presented in table 1 above (also replicated in figure 1), the least common reasons why visitors went to museums were listed under the category â€Å"others† (comprising 11.9%), and special events (5.0%). Huh (2002) listed sighseeing as the leading motivator for museum visits, a finding that is also corroborated by Lien (2010). However, it is Jonsson and Devonish (2008) who link rising educational forums as a leading factor for museum visits, as was found in this analysis. Based on table 2 (and figure 2) below, the majority of visitors